Most variable stars: be from the perspective of Earth observation, there are many changes in brightness of stars, which are called "variable stars". The professor of astrophysics Cole Hellyer said, most likely change is cataclysmic variable stars, in less than a day's time, the brightness can be increased to 100 times, then gradually weakened.
Fastest moving stars: in 2005, Warren Brown from the Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics alleged that the star was found to run a speed that it is leaving the galaxy, the Milky Way will not return. It was named SDSS J090745.0 + 024507, Brown called "wandering stars."
Craziest stellar form: a black hole is not a star, but it is in the form of stellar debris, it is very powerful stellar enough to overcome all the gravitational forces, eventually causing it to collapse and form a point mass. Black holes are non-zero mass, but zero volume, theoretically infinite density, some of the galactic center black hole mass is equivalent to tens of billions of suns. In addition, around a supermassive black hole surrounded by a substance becomes very bright, sometimes brighter than the galaxies of stars.
The most intense light emission exploding stars: the highest-energy photons, called gamma rays which produced in nuclear explosions, usually lasts a very short time, only a few milliseconds to a few seconds. Astronomers say that this phenomenon comes from a massive stellar explosion (supernova or hypernova), many gamma rays from a magnetar, it is a neutron star has a powerful magnetic field; other gamma rays from the merger of two neutron stars process, or a neutron star into a black hole process.
The volume of the largest stellar: most of the time in the red supergiant smaller, until they run out of hydrogen fusion occurs, it will become more intense, volume expansion. The sun will eventually run out of hydrogen gradually expanded, but only to become a red giant. For the evolution of the red supergiant stars, for their quality is at least 10 times the sun. Red supergiants state is very short, typically a few years to 10 million years. The biggest star ever found is the Antares A and Betelgeuse.
The brightest star: the most luminous stars tend to large mass, now Wolf - Rayet star of the brightest, meaning they hot, strong stellar winds swept through a large number of surface species, while they are very short life. The current name of the brightest star is R136a1, found in 2010. Its highlight is the 870 times the sun's mass is 265 times that of the sun.
Faintest stars: What is the most dim star is? Before answering this question, we need to clearly know the "darkest star" is defined, the farther away from the Earth, then looked even more bleak, so we need to rule out the distance factor, simply measure its luminosity, or observe the stars release intensity of photons. So far observed the coldest and the lowest brightness of the star is red dwarf 2MASS J0523-1403.
The most distinctive stars: some types of stars very unique, but not necessarily have extremum properties, such as: Thorne-Zytkow objects. Scientists believe that this is rotated into a neutron star or a super red giant star forming core regions. Recently discovered a Thorne-Zytkow objects were two large yellow stars orbit each other operation near the surface of the material gradually fused together to form a giant peanut similar structure.
The oldest fixed star: How long can a fixed star exist? To define the stellar life usually judge that how long will it be carried out in nuclear fusion, because after the end of the fusion reaction, the stellar debris material will spread out and therefore less massive stars, the longer the life. The current model evaluation data indicate that a minimum of red dwarfs life of up to 10 trillion annually, compared to the Sun about 100 million years of life, so red dwarfs is usually only 7.5-50% by mass of the sun.
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